In stamping parts processing, to control the stamping temperature, it is first necessary to set basic parameters according to the material characteristics. Plates of different materials have significant differences in temperature sensitivity. For example, aluminum alloys are easy to soften at high temperatures, while high-strength steels require a certain temperature to assist in forming. Before processing, the raw materials need to be temperature-regulated by a preheating device to heat the plate to a suitable range - aluminum parts are usually controlled at 120-200℃, and steel parts are maintained at 200-400℃ according to the strength grade to ensure that the material is in the best plastic state during stamping. At the same time, the equipment needs to be equipped with a real-time temperature measuring instrument to accurately monitor the temperature of the contact area between the mold and the plate to avoid affecting the processing quality due to temperature fluctuations beyond the preset range.
Temperature control of the mold is a key link in the stamping process. Continuous contact between the mold and the plate will cause heat accumulation, especially during continuous stamping, the mold temperature may rise sharply in a short time. To avoid this situation, a cooling water circuit can be set inside the mold to remove excess heat through circulating cooling water, so that the mold temperature is stabilized in a reasonable range of 50-80℃. For precision stamping parts processing, an oil cooling system with higher temperature control accuracy can also be used. By adjusting the flow and temperature of the cooling medium, the mold temperature can be fine-tuned to ensure that the temperature environment remains consistent during each stamping, reducing the deformation or dimensional deviation of the plate caused by overheating of the mold.
Reasonable adjustment of the stamping speed can also effectively control temperature changes. High-speed stamping will increase the friction between the plate and the mold, generate a lot of heat, and cause a sudden rise in local temperature, while low-speed stamping may gradually diffuse the heat due to long processing time. Operators need to select the appropriate stamping speed according to the thickness and hardness of the plate. For example, when stamping thin steel plates, the speed can be appropriately increased to reduce heat accumulation, while thick steel plates need to reduce the speed and cooperate with intermittent cooling to allow enough time for the heat to dissipate. This combination of speed and cooling can control temperature fluctuations within a minimum range while ensuring production efficiency.
The stability of the ambient temperature is also important for the stamping process. Temperature changes in the workshop will indirectly affect the initial temperature of the sheet and the mold. Especially when the seasons change or the temperature difference between day and night is large, the workshop temperature needs to be maintained in a constant range of 20-25℃ through air conditioning or heating systems. At the same time, avoid direct sunlight or cold wind blowing directly on the stamping equipment to prevent abnormal temperature in local areas. For high-precision stamping parts processing, a constant temperature protective cover can also be set around the equipment to further isolate the external temperature interference, create a stable microenvironment for the stamping process, and ensure that the temperature control is not affected by external factors.
Temperature changes have a significant impact on the mechanical properties of stamping parts processing. When the temperature is too high, the yield strength of the sheet will decrease. Although the plasticity is improved and it is easy to form, it may cause problems such as increased rebound and reduced dimensional accuracy in the workpiece. Especially for high-strength steel, overheating may also cause coarse grains of the material, reducing the strength and toughness of the stamping parts processing. When the temperature is too low, the plasticity of the sheet deteriorates, the brittleness increases, and cracks or fractures are prone to occur during the stamping process, affecting the integrity and service life of the product. Only by controlling the temperature within an appropriate range can the plasticity and strength of the sheet be taken into account, ensuring that the stamping parts processing is easy to process and can meet the mechanical requirements during use.
Temperature fluctuations will also affect the surface quality of stamping parts processing. Local overheating will cause scale or discoloration on the surface of the sheet. Especially for materials such as stainless steel that need to maintain surface finish, high-temperature oxidation will seriously affect the appearance and corrosion resistance of the product. In addition, uneven temperature will cause different degrees of deformation in different parts of the sheet, and surface wrinkles or unevenness may appear after cooling, increasing the difficulty of subsequent surface processing. Through stable temperature control, the thermal damage on the surface of the sheet can be reduced, and its original physical properties and appearance can be maintained, laying a good foundation for subsequent processing.
For stamping parts processing that requires subsequent heat treatment, temperature control during processing will also affect the final heat treatment effect. If the temperature is too high during stamping and is not cooled in time, partial phase change may have occurred inside the sheet, affecting the organizational transformation law during subsequent heat treatment, so that the product cannot achieve the expected hardness or wear resistance. If the temperature is too low, the plate may have a large residual stress inside, which may cause deformation or cracking due to stress release during the heat treatment process. Therefore, the temperature control during the stamping process needs to be linked with the subsequent process to ensure that the temperature state of the stamping parts processing meets the requirements of the subsequent processing and achieve the quality uniformity of the entire production process.
